Collector substations also exist where multiple thermal or hydroelectric power plants of comparable output power are in proximity. Double ended complete transformer substations are designed to receive, convert and distribute electric energy of threephase alternating current with the frequency 50 hz in systems with deadearthed neutral of transformer at the low voltage side. The manual is applicable for all substation projects regardless. Substations equipment maintenance electric power systems. Chan encyclopedia of life support systems eolss remote control facilities to enhance the security of supply. This allows for the control of power flows in the network and general switching operations for maintenance purposes. Covers the design of the ground grid for safety and proper operation. Eaton s magnum ds lowvoltage switchgear offers reliable protection and centralized control of lowvoltage power circuits up to 600 volts for a wide range of industries including healthcare, data centers. Electrical bus system and electrical substation layout. For doubleended configurations, each secondary main breaker shall be key interlocked with tie breaker. Low voltage switchgear drawout metalenclosed ul 1558.
This presents significant complexity to the designer attempting to design a protection system that will not be fooled by circulating neutral currents. Substation from a european contractor abbs response 115 kv gis elk04 including. Introduction to electrical systems for medical facilities. To service a new double ended substation at the new building, a new ductbank system extended two new. Substation evaluation basics adapted from 2 billington describes what he considers the five essential steps to be carried out when performing substation evaluation.
This chapter describes the principal substation layouts, the effects of. Eps was responsible for the design of the substation civil work, bus layout, grounding, and lighting. A load transfer switch coupling in the substation can form the property border between the supply company and the customer if the customer wants to develop his switchgear part independently. Covers the general design considerations, documents and drawings related to designing a substation. This new more compact design is able to be installed indoors or outdoors in fire rated or nonfire rated environments, allowing the designer to look at the application of power to a unit substation certified. The ergon energy design philosophy is to provide substations. The input for a distribution substation is typically at least two. In transmission network, the typical design concept is the n1 reliability application. On standard dry types you can get 33% increase over base with cooling fans. Sep 22, 2017 a largerscale version of the secondary selective system is the transformer sparing scheme.
The owner needs to give some direction on just how much capacity he wants if a. Electrical power distribution systems 3pdh 3ce hours united facilities criteria u. Distribution substation a distribution substation transfers power from the transmission system to the distribution system of an area. There are two sources that feed two loads but there is the added redundancy with. Moffittlong double ended substation hcmh, hcmh2 and hcml. The owner needs to give some direction on just how much capacity he wants if a transformer fails. The collector substation can also provide power factor correction if it is needed, metering and control of the wind farm. D substation standards identification and security signs 8. A substation standards switching diagram operating numbers. Design and installation of medium voltage switchgear facts. Primary and secondary electrical distribution systems critical facilities round table 12th quarterly membership meeting june 2, 2006 david d. This new more compact design is able to be installed indoors or outdoors in fire rated or nonfire rated environments, allowing the designer to look at the application of power to a unit substation certified for any installation double ended minisubs.
The fence is connected to a separate grounding conductor. All secondary main breakers are closed, and the tie breaker is closed. University of california san francisco medical center design. It is floormounted with rear accessible cable compartments and utilizes ul 1066 rated drawout power circuit breakers for selective coordination. When the decision is made to install a double ended substation you are most often dealing with critical loads. Pad mounted 5% less than substation design dry type transformers. Description of change pages sections modified approver initials. For the required configuration of university substations see standard electrical detail 2611 for singleended substations and standard electrical detail 2612 for double ended substations. Loading considerations when paralleling transformers. The authors describe how the single processor concept for. A largerscale version of the secondary selective system is the transformer sparing scheme. This is an example of a redundant design incorporating a doubleended unit substation with automated tie breaker controls. Doubleended complete transformer substations are designed to receive, convert and distribute.
A substation standards switching diagram operating numbers bus configuration 6. You might look at the fan cooled rating of the transformer. Medium voltage products technical guide the mvlv transformer. Our substations are designed for any coastal or inland environment and are constructed with powder coated stainless steel nema 3r housing cabinets. Substation types distribution substation located near to the end users changes the transmission or subtransmission voltage to lower levels for end users distribution voltages varies from 34,500y19,920 v to 4,160y2400 v blast and burn generally associated with fault current. This chapter describes the principal substation layouts, the effects of advancements in substation equipment, modular design, compact substations, and the moves towards design and construction turnkey contract work. Eaton s marina designers are able to assist in the design and layout of your marina or rv park electrical system from the primary service provider to your power pedestal. The switchgear is metalenclosed and conforms to the ul 1558 standard for safety. Double ended substations with deadearthed neutral, pktpvr type. Unesco eolss sample chapters electrical engineering vol. An improved power distribution unit substation, having a plurality of differing voltage rated main breaker cells, encased within a single housing is disclosed. The substation design manual is not intended to replace asset management standards, but rather. Single and double transformer supplies are selected based on the function of the building and the requirements of the program that will occupy the building. To service a new doubleended substation at the new building, a new ductbank system extended two new.
Compliance with all technical requirements all energize elements comply with the required clearances clearances verify compliance with the last requirements of the national electrical safety code or prepa diseno subw\copy of svc subst profile 2. Electrical distribution systems critical facilities round table 12th quarterly membership meeting june 2, 2006 david d. Low voltage switchgear drawout metalenclosed ul 1558 eaton. Unit substation general information description federal pacific unit substation transformers are available in a wide variety of types and ratings to provide reliable and versatile electrical distribution. Adhere to ufc 002 unified facilities guide specifications ufgs format standard when editing this guide specification or preparing new project specification sections. Bus arrangements reliability cost of configuration available space. Switching schemes will be categorized in accordance with this categorization. There are two sources that feed two loads but there is the added redundancy with the addition of a plccontrolled automated tie breaker controller. Typical equipment for this system arrangement is a single unit substation consisting of a fused primary switch. It essentially replaces double ended substations with single ended substations and one or more sparing transformer substation, all of which are interconnected on a common secondary bus. Chan encyclopedia of life support systems eolss remote control facilities to. The substation design manual is not intended to replace asset management standards, but rather to act as a reference document that crossreferences existing standards and process documentation and plugs any gaps where asset management documentation does not exist.
A substation fed by two independent power sources different transmission or distribution lines which consists of one or more sets of two transformers and. Complete security of supply may be achieved by duplicating all circuits and substation equipment such that following a fault or during maintenance connections remain available. B substation standards switching diagram operating numbers bus configuration 7. Each transformer in the double ended unit substation will be. Category 1 no outage necessary within the substation for either maintenance or fault.
Electrical bus system and electrical substation layout july 25, 2018 february 24, 2012 by electrical4u there are many different electrical bus system schemes available but selection of a. Overall dimensions, front view, and sectional views b. The normal service consists of an unusual double ended arrangement. Distribution voltages are typically medium voltage, between 2. Where load exceeds kva, provide double ended substation. The two primary distribution feeders of the substation illustrated in figure 1 are protected by either power circuit breakers or automatic circuit reclosers. With limited space, the challenge was to closely match the existing footprint of the singleended unit substation with doubleended switchgear. Double ended unit substation distribution systems will be designed for hospitals, medical centers and specially designated facilities. This bulletin is an update and revision of previous rea bulletin 651, design guide for rural substations revised june 1978. There are three double ended substations in moffittlong hospital. Transformers t100 and t102 with maintiemain switchgear, and all feeders serve from draw out circuit breaker. As you can see, the overview is complex, but on the other hand the mvlv electrical substation is the.
Eaton magnum ds lowvoltage switchgear is designed to be safe, intelligent and flexible. Primary and secondary electrical distribution systems. Loading considerations when paralleling transformers it can be seen by using equations 1 and 2 below, that if the percent impedances in each transformer are the same, as shown in figure 1, that there will be equal current division and load sharing on each transformer. The substation consisted of two 14 mva transformers, two 8 kv breakers and nine 12. Security of supply or substation service continuity is the main factor in selecting the switching scheme. Substation evaluation basics adapted from 2 billington describes. Substation switching schemes electrical engineering portal. For the required configuration of university substations see standard.
Doubleended substations with deadearthed neutral, pktpvr type. Design requirements use um master specification 261100, unit substations, as basis for design and specifying unit substations. Covers the design of bus support structures and connectors. As you can see, the overview is complex, but on the other hand the mvlv electrical substation is the synthesis of several design activities electrical, mechanical, construction. This is an example of a redundant design incorporating a double ended unit substation with automated tie breaker controls. Basic substation configurations and the components.
Consult university project manager for power sources b. Distribution substations michigan technological university. A simple variant may be the common doubleended substation, which can be further complicated by additional emergency or alternate sources. Bus arrangements including ampere ratings of bus bars c. It essentially replaces doubleended substations with singleended substations and one or. For double ended configurations, each secondary main breaker shall be key interlocked with tie breaker. Substation hcmh consists of two 20002300kva transformers. A good example of a system with circulation currents would be a doubleended substation. The input for a distribution substation is typically at least two transmission or subtransmission lines. The double ended substation configuration shall be arranged for easy expansion from each end. Costeffective, compact design expands capabilities at major u.
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